Was the taiping rebellion the deadliest war of the 19th. Autumn in the heavenly kingdom may not have said the last word on the taiping rebellion, but the story it tells is powerful, dramatic, and unforgettable. Jan 18, 2016 the deadliest rebellion in the world the taiping rebellion part 2 duration. The taiping rebellion chapter 6 the cambridge history of china. The irish were driven from their country by famine, the chinese from theirs by the taiping rebellion c.
Wu is a member of the far eastern institute in the university of washington. See how a rebellion in china ends up conquering its own kingdom and the ensuing war causes almost as many deaths as world war i. This text is part of the internet modern history sourcebook. In 1859 hong rengan, a cousin of hong, joined the taiping rebellion in nanjing, and was given considerable power by hong. Taiping rebellion, radical political and religious upheaval that was probably the most important event in china in the 19th century. The taiping rebellion was a revolt against the qing dynasty in china, fought with religious conviction over regional economic conditions, and lasting from 1850 to 1864. Taiping rebellion, 185064, revolt against the ching manchu dynasty of china. The rebellion was sparked by a famine in guangxi province, and qing government repression of the resulting peasant protests. This civil war was fought between the established manchu qing dynasty in power and the millenarian movement of the heavenly kingdom of peace. It is estimated that the entire rebellion cost more than twenty million lives twice that of world war i. The taiping rebellion has led to a number of filmtv adaptations in china. When it was most powerful, it had about 30 million people joining in it. Melvyn bragg and his guests discuss the taiping rebellion. It is one of the early tremors of a communist earthquake, and the ultimate rise of a dynasty of the people, rather than the conquerors.
Taiping rebellion presentation by mike larson on prezi. Strangely little is to be found in foreign literature about the great taiping rebellion which raged in china for over fifteen years 18501864, ravaged twothirds of that empire, caused incalculable material damage, and is said to have cost over ten million lives. Ii the taiping rebellion, 185164 during the midnineteenth century, chinas problems were compounded by natural calamities of unprecedented proportions, including droughts, famines, and floods. Twilight of a nation 1988, 45 episode drama hong kong, tvb the taiping heavenly kingdom 2000, 48 episode drama cctv the warlords 2007, indirectly referencing the taipings and the shimabara rebellion has likewise been adapted in japan. Primary source document with questions dbqs program peace. Sun zhongshan first totalwarlike rebellion in china qing dynasty was seriously weakened, after this event. The deadliest rebellion in the world the taiping rebellion part 2 duration. The taiping rebellion was a bloody civil war in china which took place in the 19th century being led by hong xiuquan against the qings government.
What is the historical significance of the taiping and boxer. For the qing, facing external aggression from the french and british at the height of the rebellion, this was a classic instance of what. Historiography of the taiping rebellion book description. What were the causes and effects of the tai ping rebellion. Led by hong xiuquan, it is estimated that at least 20 million people died, mainly civilians, in one of the deadliest military conflicts in history. Zeng guofan raised the xiang army to fight effectively against the taiping rebellion and restored the stability of qing dynasty along with other prominent figures, including zuo zongtang and li hongzhang, setting the scene for the era later known as the tongzhi restoration. Both sent reps to portsmouth, nh where tr mediated treaty of new hampshire in 1905.
The taiping army was equipped only with swords and spears or farm tools like pitchforks. Those who were in tanks or armored cars, even if shielded from the flames would likely be roasted alive inside their vehicles as the heat turned the steel boxes into ovens. The most destructive civil war in china before the twentieth century. The taiping rebellion was a revolt against the qing dynasty in china, fought with religious conviction over regional economic conditions, and. It was led by hung hsiuchuan, a visionary from guangdong who evolved a political creed and messianic religious ideology influenced by elements of protestant christianity. Began in 1904, but neither side could gain a clear advantage and win. It is one of the early tremors of a communist earthquake, and the ultimate rise of. In 1850 a chinese christian convert, hong xiuquan, proclaimed himself leader of a new dynasty, the taiping heavenly kingdom. The impact of the taiping rebellion upon the manchu fiscal. The taiping rebellion, which is also known as the taiping civil war or the taiping revolution, was a massive rebellion or civil war that was waged in china from 1850 to 1864 between the established manchuled qing dynasty and the hakkaled taiping heavenly kingdom. Taiping rebellion largest rebellion in the history of china, and possibly the world inspired later revolutionaries, including dr.
Womens roles in the taiping rebellion the ohio state university. Japanese filmstv adaptations of the taiping rebellion. Pages in category battles of the taiping rebellion the following 17 pages are in this category, out of 17 total. Movement 18611895 was a period of institutional reforms initiated during the late. Jan 19, 2017 the taiping rebellion was a civil war fought in china between the taiping rebels and the qing dynasty, beginning in 1851 and lasting until 1864. One of the many important ways in which the chinese interacted with westerners during this time period was through the use of western soldiers in the war. The currency of the taiping heavenly kingdom consisted of chinese cash coins and paper. This great upheaval, in which more than 20,000,000 people are said to have been killed, drastically altered the. By that time, the taiping rebellion had caused devastation ranging over sixteen provinces with tremendous loss of life and the destruction of more than 600 cities.
During the midnineteenth century, the taiping rebellion challenged the very nature of the chinese imperial system. The taiping rebellion was caused by hong xiuquan and class differences, and led to a radical change in social and economic structure. The taiping rebellion, which is also known as the taiping civil war or the taiping revolution. Taiping rebellion 18501864 asia for educators columbia. How teachers and students can make the quick transition to online learning. Most of them were civilians hong established the taiping heavenly kingdom. At its height, rebels controlled significant territory and several of chinas wealthiest cities. The taiping rebellion was a civil war fought in china between the taiping rebels and the qing dynasty, beginning in 1851 and lasting until 1864. The taiping rebellion 18511864 was a millenarian uprising in southern china that began as a peasant rebellion and turned into an extremely bloody civil war. The taiping rebellion was against the ruling qing dynasty.
Russia and japan were fighting over korea, manchuria, etc. The sourcebook is a collection of public domain and copypermitted texts for introductory level classes in modern. The taiping rebellion was led by an educated and disaffected peasant. The taiping rebellion led by a christian convert named hong xiuquan 18141864 was a widespread civil war that started in southern china from 1850 to 1864.
The taiping forces were run as a cultlike group called the god worshipping society by selfproclaimed prophet hong xiuquan, and resulted in the rebels seizing. Jan 1 battle of jintian, qing forces are defeated with. It had great influence on those taking part in the next chinese civil war 19271950 between the nationalists and communists when the communists relied on the support of the rural poor people. The taiping rebellion was a civil war in china from 1850 to 1864. Apr 27, 2012 the taiping rebellion was significant, spence seemed to argue in gods chinese son, more for the fact that it was a good story than for the effect it had on the world.
Platt suggests that marx was right and that the taiping rebellion was aided by the links tying china to an international industrial economy. Hong xiuquan, who led the 19th century taiping rebellion, showed. Taiping rebellion article about taiping rebellion by the. Finally in july of 1864 nanjing, the capital of the taiping state, fell and the taiping movement disappeared. A critique of marxs view of the taiping rebellion and its. However, as taiping rebellion era cash coins are very popular with coin collectors there are.
By the end of the taiping era at least 10 million had died, some say 20 million. Hong xiuquan, chinese religious prophet and leader of the taiping rebellion 185064, during which he declared his own new dynasty, which centred on the captured 1853 city of nanjing. In this paper we investigate the impact of taiping rebellion in the mid. Taiping rebellion definition18501864 massive rebellion against the qing led by hong xiuquan, who claimed to be the youngest brother of jesus christ come to earth to create a heavenly kingdom of great peace. As the taiping grew in wealth and power, leaders indulged in. Feb 02, 2017 you mean taiping kingdon of heaven in 1856, when they neutralized the direct threat of qing dynasty to nanking, the leaders started a series of coups, as a result of some kind of constitutional crisis. A christianinspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the qing empire. What is the historical significance of the taiping and.
Study 16 terms taiping rebellion flashcards quizlet. Those relating to women under the qing dynasty include writings by both men and women of the period and qing legal codes. One, the market was highly exclusive cohongs and the british east india company with their opium, which everyone wanted to buy were practically in control of the market. The french entered the city like a torrent rushing through the alleys and streets without anything. The taiping rebellion went for around 14 years starting at 1850 and ending at 1864, the civil war involved not just china it also had britain, america and france involved in the war. Nov 10, 2019 the taiping rebellion 18511864 was a millenarian uprising in southern china that began as a peasant rebellion and turned into an extremely bloody civil war.
In the document below, unknown authors lay forth parts of the taiping economic program. Minxin pei, san francisco chronicle structurally, stephen platts autumn in the heavenly kingdom is a thriller. Some themes of the rebellion had deep historical roots, while others grew from problems peculiar to the ching period. The taiping movement gave to china a new religion and a new dynasty. The heat of the flames was beyond intense, and any unfortunate invader caught in the raging torrent of fire would be dead within seconds. The taiping rebellion was significant, spence seemed to argue in gods chinese son, more for the fact that it was a good story than for the effect it had on the world. Taiping rebellion china zhang major reference works wiley. The taiping rebellion, which lasted from 1850 to 1864, represents the type of rebellion which possessed revolutionary characteristics. Chinese sources for the taiping rebellion, 18501864 by j. The taiping rebellion 18501864 was a pivotal event in modern chinese history. The longterm effect of taiping rebellion on economic.
The taiping rebellion was a civil war in southern china waged against the ruling manchu qing dynasty. Primary source document with questions dbqs program. A critique of marxs view of the taiping rebellion and its origins. Karl marx had published his manifesto in 1848, but the protocommunism of the taipings comes from such ancient sources as the. Taiping rebellion boxer rebellion downfall of ching dynasty in 1912. The taiping rebellion peasants tried of poor farming conditions, political corruption and a lavish imperial court set out under hong xiuquan to take control of china, this is thought to be on of largest peasant revolts in human history. The taiping rebellion or the taiping civil war was a largescale rebellion or civil war in china waged from 1850 and 1864 between the established manchuled qing dynasty and the taiping heavenly kingdom under hong xiuquan. The taiping rebellion and why it failed to overthrow the qing dynasty. Moreover, our data span a period of more than oneandahalf centuries, and they. Before the rebellion occured, two things were happening. The taiping rebellion is one of the bloodiest civil wars that had almost annihilated the qing dynasty completely. Primary source document with questions dbqs e x c e r p t s f r o m t h e l a n d s y s t e m o f t h e h e a v e n l y k i n g d o m t i a n c h a o t i a n m u z h i d u. Taiping forces now at an estimated 10,000 with triad allies.
When we got into the boat, there were four men there already. It was the seconddeadliest war in human history after world war ii. When it was most powerful, it had about 30 million people. It lasted for some 14 years 185064, ravaged 17 provinces, took an estimated 20 million lives, and irrevocably altered the qing dynasty 1644191112. Aug, taipings decide to breakout of the thistle mt area. The major battles took place in the yangtze river basin area controlled by the taiping. Abstract lasting from 1850 to 1864, the taiping rebellion was the biggest social rebellion of chinas imperial era and probably the most violent. The taiping heavenly kingdom, literally the heavenly kingdom of great peace, later shortened. In the nineteenth yearthe guisi yearof the guangxu era, beginning when the emperor took the dragon throne, on the sixth day of the fourth month may 21. The taipings were also able to make great progress in the interior as the manchus concentrated most of their forces against the invading british and french during the second opium war of 185660.
The impact of the taiping rebellion upon the manchu fiscal system james t. Jul 21, 2017 see how a rebellion in china ends up conquering its own kingdom and the ensuing war causes almost as many deaths as world war i. Even by the 1950s, some parts of central china had not yet fully recovered from the destruction of the taiping era. Taiping rebellion article about taiping rebellion by. The taiping rebellion was a grassroots rebellion fought by ordinary peasants and not by trained armies. Before the chinese army succeeded in crushing the taiping rebellion, 14 years had passed, sixteen. The taiping rebellion 18511864 in china was the dead. The taiping rebellion is one of the forerunners of chinas awakening. The imperial system was greatly weakened as a result of the uprising. List of books and articles about taiping rebellion. You mean taiping kingdon of heaven in 1856, when they neutralized the direct threat of qing dynasty to nanking, the leaders started a series of coups, as a result of some kind of constitutional crisis. Not until 1864 was the rebellion brutally put down. China, the west, and the epic story of the taiping civil war by.
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